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Overview

Varicose veins look blue or purple below the pare.

What are varicose veins?

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted blood vessels that bulge only under your pare'south surface. These blueish or purple bulges usually appear in your legs, feet and ankles. They can be painful or itchy. Spider veins, which may environment varicose veins, are smaller red or purple lines that appear close to your pare'southward surface.

Although they can exist unsightly and uncomfortable, varicose veins aren't dangerous for most people. In some cases, severe varicose veins tin can atomic number 82 to serious wellness problems, such as blood clots. You tin can relieve about varicose vein symptoms at home or your healthcare provider can treat them with injections, laser therapy or surgery.

What is the difference between varicose veins and spider veins?

Varicose veins and spider veins are both types of venous disease, but they wait unlike. Spider veins are smaller and thinner than varicose veins. They look like carmine or blueish spider webs or branches of a tree, and they are close to the skin'south surface.

Spider veins aren't commonly painful. They can announced anywhere on your body, most often behind your knee, on your feet or on your face. Varicose veins usually appear on your anxiety and legs.

Who is likely to go varicose veins?

Anyone tin can develop varicose veins. Certain factors increase your chances of developing varicose veins, including:

• Age: Because of the aging procedure, vein walls and valves don't piece of work too every bit they once did. Veins lose elasticity and stiffen.
• Gender: Female hormones can allow the walls of the veins to stretch. People who are pregnant, taking the birth command pill or going through menopause have a higher risk of varicose veins because of changes in hormone levels.
• Family history: This condition tin exist inherited (runs in families).
• Lifestyle: Standing or sitting for long periods decreases circulation. Wearing restrictive article of clothing, such every bit girdles or pants with tight waistbands tin can subtract blood flow.
• Overall health: Certain health conditions, such equally severe constipation or certain tumors, increment pressure level in the veins.
• Tobacco employ: People who apply tobacco products are more than probable to develop varicose veins.
• Weight: Excess weight puts pressure on blood vessels.

How common are varicose veins?

Varicose veins are very mutual. Around 1/3 of all adults accept varicose veins. They are more mutual in people assigned female at nascency than in people assigned male at nascence.

Symptoms and Causes

What are the symptoms of varicose veins?

The most recognizable sign of varicose veins is a gnarled, blue or purple vein only under your skin'due south surface. Symptoms include:

• Bulging veins: Twisted, bloated, rope-like veins are often blue or purple. They appear just below the surface of the skin on your legs, ankles and feet. They can develop in clusters. Tiny ruby or blue lines (spider veins) may appear nearby.
• Heavy legs: Muscles in your legs may feel tired, heavy or sluggish, peculiarly after physical activity.
• Itching: The expanse around varicose veins may itch.
• Hurting: Legs may be painful, achy or sore, especially behind your knees. You might take muscle cramps.
• Swelling: Your legs, ankles and feet can nifty and throb.
• Skin discolorations and ulcers: If left untreated, varicose veins tin crusade brown discolorations on your skin. Severe varicose veins tin cause venous ulcers (sores) on your skin.

Where practice varicose veins usually appear?

Most frequently, varicose veins develop on the lower one-half of your body, usually on your calves, ankles and feet. They tin also develop in the pelvic expanse (pelvic congestion syndrome), especially in people who have had children. Varicose veins in the testicles (varicocele) tin can lead to infertility.

What causes varicose veins?

Varicose veins occur when the walls of your veins weaken. As blood pressure in your vein increases, the weakened walls let your vein to get bigger. Every bit your vein stretches, the valves that keep blood moving in one direction in your vein tin't work like they should. Sluggish blood backs up or pools in your vein, causing your vein to swell, burl and twist.

Vein walls and valves tin become weak for several reasons, including:

• Hormones.
• The crumbling procedure.
• Excess weight.
• Restrictive wear.
• Pressure inside the vein from continuing for long periods.

Diagnosis and Tests

How are varicose veins diagnosed?

Varicose veins are shut to the surface of your skin and easy to see. Healthcare providers can diagnose the condition during a physical exam. They'll feel your veins and examine them while you're sitting and standing.

To see detailed images of your veins and cheque for complications, your provider may recommend an ultrasound. This safe, painless test uses sound waves to produce pictures of tissues inside your body. Ultrasounds can show blood clots and how your valves are working.

Management and Treatment

What is the treatment for varicose veins?

Although there isn't a cure for varicose veins, these treatments can reduce their appearance and relieve discomfort:

• Peak: To increase claret flow and decrease pressure in your veins, yous should elevate your legs above your waist several times throughout the day.
• Elastic stockings: Supportive stockings or socks compress your veins and reduce discomfort. The pinch stops your veins from stretching and helps blood menstruum.
• Injection therapy (sclerotherapy): During sclerotherapy, a healthcare provider injects a solution into your vein. The solution causes the vein walls to stick together. Eventually, your vein turns into scar tissue and fades away.
• Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation therapy: In a minimally invasive procedure chosen endovenous thermal ablation, healthcare providers use a catheter (a long, sparse tube) and laser to shut off a damaged vein.
• Vein surgery: During these procedures, likewise called ligation and stripping, the surgeon ties off your affected vein (ligation) to stop blood from pooling. The surgeon may remove (strip) the vein to prevent varicose veins from reappearing.

Complications/side effects of the handling

Half of the people who have surgical stripping become varicose veins once again inside five years, and varicose veins can happen once again after endovenous ablation as well.

Potential side effects of these treatments include:

• Scarring.
• Skin burns.
• Infection.
• Injury to a nervus.
• Deep vein thrombosis (a claret jell in a vein deep within your body).

Sclerotherapy can cause side effects that include:

• Redness or bruising for a few days where a needle went into your peel.
• Brown areas (for several months) on skin where the needle touched.
• Lumps or hardness for a few months.

With sclerotherapy, new varicose veins can happen and need treatment.

Prevention

How can I prevent varicose veins?

You may not be able to prevent varicose veins. You lot tin reduce your chances of developing them by living an active, healthy lifestyle. Healthcare providers recommend many of the same measures to prevent and treat varicose veins:

• Avoid long periods of standing: To encourage blood flow, take regular breaks to stretch and walk around, especially if you have a job that requires you to be on your feet.
• Elevate your legs: Raising your anxiety higher up your waist helps blood flow to your heart.
• Maintain a healthy weight: Getting rid of excess pounds reduces pressure inside your blood vessels.
• Quit tobacco use: Smoking damages blood vessels, decreases blood flow and causes a wide range of health problems.
• Stay active: To improve circulation, move oftentimes and avert sitting nevertheless for prolonged periods.
• Try pinch stockings: Support socks and pantyhose compress your veins and aid blood broadcast, which tin prevent varicose veins from getting worse.
• Wear clothes that fit properly: To encourage claret flow, make sure your waistband isn't too tight.

Outlook / Prognosis

What is the outlook for people with varicose veins?

Usually, varicose veins aren't dangerous and don't cause long-term health problems. Most people with the condition are concerned with the mode varicose veins look. They may experience discomfort but don't develop complications.

How long varicose veins last

Most of the fourth dimension, varicose veins that happen while you're pregnant go away on their ain inside 2 or 3 weeks subsequently you have your infant. For other people, varicose veins may keep coming dorsum subsequently treatment.

What are the complications of varicose veins?

Varicose veins can cause ulcers (open up sores), haemorrhage and skin discoloration if left untreated. Astringent varicose veins may be a sign of chronic venous insufficiency. This condition affects your veins' ability to pump blood to your centre.

People who have varicose veins may exist more probable to develop claret clots. Information technology'southward of import to tell your healthcare provider about varicose veins. Your provider should evaluate and monitor you lot for clotting disorders such as:

• Superficial thrombophlebitis: Claret clots can form within varicose veins, causing a condition chosen superficial venous thrombosis or superficial thrombophlebitis. Thrombophlebitis is painful but isn't usually dangerous. It's also treatable.
• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): People with varicose veins accept a higher risk of deep vein thrombosis, a blood clot in a vein deep within your trunk.
• Pulmonary embolism: A blood clot in your body (usually resulting from DVT) tin can go lodged in your lung. Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate handling.

Do varicose veins return after handling?

Although treatments are effective, varicose veins can return. They're more probable to come dorsum in people who become pregnant later treatment. Yous have a college run a risk of varicose veins reappearing if you have obesity or have a sedentary lifestyle.

Living With

When should I talk to my doctor near varicose veins?

Although varicose veins aren't usually dangerous, you should visit your healthcare provider for an exam. If yous're concerned virtually how varicose veins look, or if they're uncomfortable, treatments can help. Y'all should see your provider as soon as possible if the skin or veins are:

• Bleeding.
• Discolored.
• Painful, ruby or warm to the bear upon.
• Swollen.

Millions of people live with varicose veins. For most people, varicose veins don't cause serious health issues. Lifestyle changes and at-home remedies can salve symptoms and prevent them from getting worse. Talk to your healthcare provider about safety, minimally invasive treatments that can reduce hurting and improve the advent of varicose veins.

When should I become to the ER?

Call 911 if you have a varicose vein that's haemorrhage heavily.

What questions should I ask my doctor?

• Which treatment is best for me?
• Can you do treatments in your office?
• What's the most toll-constructive treatment?

A annotation from Cleveland Dispensary

You're non alone in dealing with varicose veins. Many people have them and don't have complications from them. Still, if varicose veins carp you, yous can try home treatments that may assistance. Or you can ask your healthcare provider well-nigh unlike treatments that are available. Simply keep in heed that varicose veins tin can happen once again, fifty-fifty after treatment. Talk to your provider well-nigh which treatment is best for yous.

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Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4722-varicose-veins